VE: Eurographics Workshop on Virtual Environments - Short Papers

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3-D Reconstitution and Virtual Reality of World Heritage Site in Danger: the Citadel of Bam
(The Eurographics Association, 2007) Andaroodi, Elham; Matini, Mohammad-Reza; Abe, Nobuaki; Ono, K.; Kawai, T.; Bernd Froehlich and Roland Blach and Robert van Liere
This paper presents research in progress on 3-D computer simulation and a virtual reality demonstration of a world heritage site that was destroyed in the earthquake (the citadel of Bam). In a comparative study with other examples of VR of cultural heritage, the approach of this research is introduced as analytic and comparative 3-D modelling (mostly as mesh or poly modelling) using diverse data resources such as 2-D maps, photos, etc. and VR demonstration of ten case studies as the result of first phase of the research.
3D Ground Reaction Force Visualization onto Training Video for Sprint Training Support System
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Taketomi, Takafumi; Yoshitake, Yasuhide; Yamamoto, Goshiro; Sandor, Christian; Kato, Hirokazu; Tony Huang and Arindam Dey
We propose a method for visualizing 3D ground reaction forces for sprint training. Currently, sprinters can check their 3D ground force data using a 2D graph representation. In order to check the relationship between 3D ground force and their sprint form, they must check the 2D graph and a training video repeatedly. To allow simultaneous observation of the 2D graph and the training video, we use a mixed reality technology to overlay 3D ground reaction force onto the training video. In this study, we focus on 2D-3D registration between the image sequence and 3D ground reaction data. We achieved 2D-3D registration by using a constrained bundle adjustment approach. In the experiment, we apply our method to the training videos. The results confirm that our method can correctly overly 3D ground reaction force onto the videos.
3D Model Deformation in VR Using CUBE
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Lim, Seong-Jae; Hwang, Bon-Woo; Yoon, Seung-Uk; Choi, Jin Sung; Park, Chang-Joon; Tony Huang and Arindam Dey
We propose an easy and simple method that deforms a 3D model in VR. The proposed method easily manipulates 3D models which are difficult to handle in VR environment by using semantic shape deformation technique and NUI which is easy to operate with one hand.
3D-Aware Image Relighting with Object Removal from Single Image
(The Eurographics Association, 2022) Zhang, Yujia; Perusquia-Hernández, Monica; Isoyama, Naoya; Kawai, Norihiko; Uchiyama, Hideaki; Sakata, Nobuchika; Kiyokawa, Kiyoshi; Theophilus Teo; Ryota Kondo
We propose a method to relight scenes in a single image while removing unwanted objects by the combination of 3D-aware inpainting and relighting for a new functionality in image editing. First, the proposed method estimates the depth image from an RGB image using single-view depth estimation. Next, the RGB and depth images are masked by the user by specifying unwanted objects. Then, the masked RGB and depth images are simultaneously inpainted by our proposed neural network. For relighiting, a 3D mesh model is first reconstructed from the inpainted depth image, and is then relit with a standard relighting pipeline. In this process, removing cast shadows and sky areas and albedo estimation are optionally performed to suppress the artifacts in outdoor scenes. Through these processes, various types of relighting can be achieved from a single photograph while excluding the colors and shapes of unwanted objects.
An Adaptive AR Tutor For Cabling a Network Topology
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Herbert, B. M.; Weerasinghe, A.; Ens, Barrett; Billinghurst, Mark; Tony Huang and Arindam Dey
We present an Augmented Reality (AR) network cabling tutor that provides visual annotations for improving learning in psychomotor tasks. Unlike many existing AR learning systems, our system combines AR with an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) that should enhance learning over existing desktop solutions. We intend to use this prototype as a test-bed for evaluating learning differences between a desktop web-based user interface, a hand-held AR display and a Head Mounted Display (HMD) AR display.
Adding Interlacing to In-Situ Data Compression for Multi-Resolution Visualization of Large-Scale Scientific Simulations
(The Eurographics Association, 2014) Lehmann, Henry; Lenk, Matthias; Jung, Bernhard; Yuki Hashimoto and Torsten Kuhlen and Ferran Argelaguet and Takayuki Hoshi and Marc Erich Latoschik
Large-scale simulations in HPC environments produce massive data sets in the order of several terabytes which pose challenges both to data storage and data analysis. A promising approach for reducing the amount of data written out during simulation runs is in-situ compression. However, even compressed data sets are typically still much too large for interactive visual data exploration. We propose an interlacing scheme applicable to in-situ compression in order to write out results of HPC simulations in a compressed multi-resolution format. This data format allows progressive loading of large scientific data sets in high-end immersive displays. Low-resolution views are easily extracted for visualizations on low-end displays such as hand-held devices and web browsers.
Advanced Inertial-Optical Tracking System for Wide Area Mixed and Augmented Reality Systems
(The Eurographics Association, 2007) Wormell, Dean; Foxlin, Eric; Katzman, Patricia; Bernd Froehlich and Roland Blach and Robert van Liere
InterSense is introducing a vastly improved version of its wide-area tracking inertial-optical tracking system (IS-1200 VisTracker). The new VisTracker technology has several enhancements including device miniaturization, an embedded image processor, improved optics, a higher resolution imaging CMOS monochrome sensor, power reduction, and ruggedization. A review of the IS-1200 architecture and new components is discussed. Examples of the IS-1200 initial deployment are given for AR applications.
Airflow Presentation Method for Turning Motion Feedback in VR Environment
(The Eurographics Association, 2019) Suzuki, Yujin; Yem, Vibol; Hirota, Koichi; Amemiya, Tomohiro; Kitazaki, Michiteru; Ikei, Yasushi; Kakehi, Yasuaki and Hiyama, Atsushi
This paper describes the effectiveness of airflow presentation to reduce VR sickness and induce vection during turning motion. Five airflow displays were placed surrounding the face and the angle interval of each display was 45 °. Each has 0.6 m distant from the face. Two directions of turning motion: left and right, were visually presented. Result showed that airflow from any direction could reduce VR sickness. Moreover, we confirmed that the airflow presented in 45 ° from in front direction to the turning direction (left or right) enhanced the perception of vection.
AmplifiedCoaster: Amplifying the Perception of Ascent and Descent in Virtual-Reality-Equipped Electric Wheelchair in an Electric Wheeled Ramp
(The Eurographics Association, 2022) Ito, Shunta; Nakanishi, Yasuto; Theophilus Teo; Ryota Kondo
We introduce a novel virtual reality (VR) ride system consisting of a head-mounted display (HMD), an electric wheelchair and an electric wheeled ramp as an amusement park attraction. The electric wheeled ramp which is a customized electric wheelchair can carry a user wearing an HMD and is able to control its speed, acceleration, and orientation. This system presents the sense of continuous moving on a slope and the sense of movement on a slope with varying curvatures in the ascending and descending experiences, thus amplifying the perception of virtual ascent and descent.
Anatomy-Inspired Weight for Real-time Character Animation
(The Eurographics Association, 2016) Kim, YoungBeom; Park, Byung-Ha; Jung, Kwang-Mo; Han, JungHyun; Tom Coffin and Gabriel Zachmann and Akihiko Shirai and Regis Kopper and Pedro Morillo
In this paper, the use of anatomy-inspired weight (AIW) is proposed to automatically compute the skinning weights for realtime character animation. AIW is modeled as a function of the anatomical distance to consider anatomical structures, such as bones and muscles. The experimental results demonstrate that AIW's facilitate the natural animation of characters, which is an important part of VR/AR/MR contents.
An Approach to Interaction Interoperability for Distributed Virtual Environments
(The Eurographics Association, 2008) Ahmed, Hussein M.; Gracanin, Denis; Abdel-Hamid, Ayman; Matkovic, Kresimir; Robert van Liere and Betty Mohler
We present a preliminary framework for interaction interoperability in Distributed Virtual Environments (DVEs). The goal is to allow each user to use a different input devices and interaction techniques and yet collaborate seamlessly. The framework adopts Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and use a knowledge base in the form of three ontologies. The ontologies use Web Ontology Language (OWL) to describe input devices, interaction techniques and interaction tasks. In addition, two directories contain application and user profiles. An inference engine searches for the best possible combination of input devices, interaction techniques and tasks. The resulting user's mapping file is then accessed using web services. Two proof-of-concept framework implementations demonstrate how to develop a new application and how to support a legacy application.
An Approach to the Evaluation of Ownership Management Techniques in Collaborative Virtual Environments
(The Eurographics Association, 2007) Garcia, Arturo; Molina, José P.; Steed, Anthony; Martínez, Diego; González, Pascual; Bernd Froehlich and Roland Blach and Robert van Liere
Several ownership management techniques have been proposed for maintaining consistency, one of the main factors in Collaborative Virtual Environments. However, few studies address the effect that network latency has on these mechanisms, as it can influence both the development of the tasks by users and their view of the system. This paper describes an experiment that tackles this issue, and shows how users get frustrated and tend to think that the system is not reliable as the amount of latency increases.
AR Avatar Separated from Lecturer for Individual Communication in One-to-many Communication
(The Eurographics Association, 2020) Kitagishi, Yuki; Tanaka, Yuki; Yonezawa, Tomoko; Kulik, Alexander and Sra, Misha and Kim, Kangsoo and Seo, Byung-Kuk
In this paper, we propose an augmented reality agent separated from the lecturer as his/her avatar to promote individual communication between the lecturer and the audience in parallel with one-to-many communication such as lectures. The proposed agent is expressed by 1-1) a shadow and 1-2) its trajectory drawn by projection mapping to the floor, as well as 2) localized footsteps using the parametric speaker. The agent approaches a particular audience member who seems to need to talk with the lecturer individually. To emphasize that the agent is the lecturer's avatar, the proposed system draws the trajectory from the lecturer's feet to the agent's current position and shakes the shadow's tail like will-o'-the-wisp. During the lecture, the agent approaches the audience member who wants individual communication with the lecturer. After that, the agent talks to the audience member as the lecturer. We expect that the proposed agent will aid in the individual communication between the lecturer and the audience without the audience's hesitation, and will be able to enable multiple and parallel communications with few additional resources required by the lecturer.
AR FPS Game using Static and Dynamic Physical Obstacles
(The Eurographics Association, 2022) Sawanobori, Yuki; Iriyama, Taishi; Komuro, Takashi; Theophilus Teo; Ryota Kondo
In this paper, we propose an AR FPS game that allows a player to use physical obstacles for avoiding enemy attacks and defeating enemies. The use of physical obstacles is intended to make the game more fun and immersive. Physical obstacles are classified into static obstacles that do not move and dynamic obstacles that can move. The game design for utilizing real space includes placing game objects in consideration of static obstacles, using physical obstacles as shields to prevent enemy attacks, and using projectiles to attack a player hiding behind obstacles. We prototyped the game using HoloLens2 and conducted a user study using a questionnaire (N = 14). The results showed that the game itself was highly evaluated, as well as the exercise promotion effect by the use of real space.
An AR Network Cabling Tutoring System for Wiring a Rack
(The Eurographics Association, 2017) Herbert, B. M.; Weerasinghe, A.; Ens, Barrett; Billinghurst, Mark; Wigley, G.; Tony Huang and Arindam Dey
We present a network cabling tutoring system that guides learners through cabling a network topology by overlaying virtual icons and arrows on the ports. The system determines the network state by parsing switch output and does not depend on network protocols being functional. A server provides a web-based user interface and communicates with an external intelligent tutoring system called The Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring. Users use a tablet to view AR annotations, though support for HoloLens HMD will be added soon.
asmVR: Light Triggers in Virtual Reality to Induce ASMR
(The Eurographics Association, 2022) Peng, Danyang; Pai, Yunsuen; Minamizawa, Kouta; Theophilus Teo; Ryota Kondo
Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is a tingling sensation that can be aroused by visual, sound, touch and emotional triggers, and can produce feelings of relaxation and euphoria. Light trigger is a new kind of visual trigger that has been gaining popularity in YouTube ASMR videos, and we analyzed this to draw design considerations. From there, we propose asmVR, a VR-based method to experience ASMR using light triggers. The ASMRtist can create the content using hand-tracked light triggers while roleplaying a virtual avatar, while viewers can experience an immersive and intimate relation with them to help trigger ASMR. We also propose a user study plan in the future to evaluate its effectiveness in inducing ASMR, as well as propose future development plans.
Augmentation of Visualisation Using Sonification: A Case Study in Computational Fluid Dynamics
(The Eurographics Association, 2007) Kazakevich, Maryia; Boulanger, Pierre; Bischof, Walter F.; Garcia, M.; Bernd Froehlich and Roland Blach and Robert van Liere
Advances in computer processing power and networking over the past few years have brought significant changes to the modeling and simulation of complex phenomena. Problems that formerly could only be tackled in batch mode, with their results being visualized afterwards, can now be monitored using graphical means while in progress. In certain cases, it is even possible to alter parameters of the computation while it is running, depending on what the scientist perceives in the current visual output. This ability to monitor and change parameters of the computational process at any time and from anywhere is called computational steering. Combining this capability with advanced multi-modal tools to explore the data produced by these systems are key to our approach. We present an advanced multi-modal interface where sonification and 3D visualization are used in a computational steering environment specialized to solve real-time Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) problems. More specifically, this paper describes and experimentally proves how sonification of CFD data can be used to augment 3D visualization.
Augmented Dodgeball AR Viewer for Spectators
(The Eurographics Association, 2019) Azuma, Shota; Hertzog, Clara; Sakurai, Sho; Hirota, Koichi; Nojima, Takuya; Kakehi, Yasuaki and Hiyama, Atsushi
These last few years many systems and methods have been developed to provide information to spectators about a sport game such as baseball, basketball, soccer, etc. Among them, Augmented Sport is one of the emerging area that intends to merge video game concept into physical sports. This project focuses on merging game elements such as Health Points (HP), Attack Power (AP) and Defense Power (DP) to improve enjoyment and variety of players. During Augmented Dodgeball games, the spectators can visualize via the Mixed Reality device additional parameters such as HP, AP and DP of each player. This data is superimposed onto each physical players by virtue of AR markers they wear. To avoid marker occlusion issues, fixed camera(s) are also used to inquire player's physical information and share it via a database. Studies have been conducted in order to find out the best displaying design, methods and limits of the system.
Augmented Reality Rehabilitation for People with Osteoporosis: Squat exergame (a demo)
(The Eurographics Association, 2023) Thuilier, Eléa; Carey, John J.; Dingliana, John; Dempsey, Mary; Whelan, Bryan; Biggins, Shane; Brennan, Attracta; Abey Campbell; Claudia Krogmeier; Gareth Young
In Ireland, osteoporosis is one of the greatest societal and economic health challenges, affecting between 300,000 and 500,000 people [CJ23]. A 2019 European report noted that Ireland has one of the highest rates of fracture in Europe, while the costs associated with managing fractures was 7.2% of national healthcare [JA21, JA22]. Physical exercises are considered to be a powerful non-pharmacological strategy for people with osteoporosis and/or those who are at risk of falling [Dio14]. Notwithstanding the positive impact of physical exercise, the participation in and adherence to an exercise regimen by older adults is often low due to inconvenience (i.e., lack of time, lack of motivation, accessibility issues), fear (i.e., falling, safety), cost and/or boredom [OYWALSRDKV18]. Exergames are defined as games requiring the participant to be physically active; they can be delivered through augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR) [Oh10]. Despite the potential of AR task-oriented physical therapy training and exergames for people with osteoporosis, there is a notable paucity of research in this area [GNG20]. As part of our research, five physical therapy exercises targeting older adults with osteoporosis have been approved by a chartered physiotherapist, an occupational therapist and two Rheumatologist consultants at Galway University Hospital. We are currently in the process of mapping these physical therapy exercises into a set of five AR exergames. The design of these AR exergames is underpinned by a systematic literature review (in the final stages of publication) and existing guidelines. A formal investigation of the impact of AR exergames in improving balance and reducing the likelihood of falls for people with osteoporosis will take place next year, with control and intervention groups. Our demonstration is a first version of one of these AR exergames which reproduces a squat exercise. During this exergame, the player wears an AR headset (Microsoft Hololens 2). When they start the exergame, a menu of different levels is displayed. The player selects the level appropriate to their abilities, after which a series of clouds appear and move toward them. The goal is for the player to avoid the clouds using a squat movement. As they perform the exercise in a gamified context, the relevant biomechanical points will be checked to ensure correct alignment and the delivery of appropriate feedback. To check the status of the biomechanical points, this exergame uses a body tracking camera (Azure Kinect 2) to provide direct and real-time feedback. Ultimately, this squat exercise AR exergame will be incorporated into a series of exergames, which will adapt to the capabilities and preferences of the player with osteoporosis.
An Automated Virtual Receptionist for Recognizing Visitors and Assuring Mask Wearing
(The Eurographics Association, 2020) Zehtabian, Sharare; Khodadadeh, Siavash; Kim, Kangsoo; Bruder, Gerd; Welch, Greg; Bölöni, Ladislau; Turgut, Damla; Kulik, Alexander and Sra, Misha and Kim, Kangsoo and Seo, Byung-Kuk
Intelligent virtual agents have many societal uses, specifically in situations in which the presence of real humans would be prohibitive. In particular, virtual receptionists can perform a variety of tasks associated with visitor and employee safety, e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this poster, we present our prototype of a virtual receptionist that employs computer vision and meta-learning techniques to identify and interact with a visitor in a manner similar to that of a real human receptionist. Specifically we employ a meta-learning-based classifier to learn the visitors' faces from the minimal data collected during a first visit, such that the receptionist can recognize the same visitor during follow-up visits. The system also makes use of deep neural network-based computer vision techniques to recognize whether the visitor is wearing a face mask or not.

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