EG1982 Proceedings (Technical Papers)

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ALITE - AN ENGINEERING TOOL FOR AUTOMATIC CHIP DESIGN
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Anson, R. C.; Tweedly, A. G.; D. S. Greenaway and E. A. Warman
To meet the variety of layout challenges raised by developing VLSI technology, a new Autolayout system has been developed. This flexible tool provides automated or interactive layout of both 'mass-production' and custom logic IC's for a variety of MOS technologies. The layout process accommodates 2 or 3 routing layers, signals of different widths and produces power and ground connections entirely on a single layer. Additionally the system allows its algorithms to be controlled and directed so that it can be highly tuned to a particular application. The system is integrated with other Integrated Circuit Design aids such as GAELIC, TARTAN and CHECK.
ANALYSIS OF THE DESIGN PROCESS AS BASIS FOR THE DEFINITION OF CAD-FUNCTIONS DISTRIBUTED ON HIERARCHICAL NETWORKS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Gorny, Peter; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
It seems to be no question any more, that intelligent graphics work stations will be integrated as terminals into networks, especially because of the process in hardware and network development. But we do not know yet, which of the graphics and CAD functions will have to be kept local, i.e. on the first processor seen from the user, and which may be placed on more remote processors. The author analyses the designers activities when constructing a new technical object and defines a hierarchy of functions. From this proposal a graphics/CAD system architecture is derived with a functional hierarchy of "pipelined" processors and an outline of a system currently under implementation is given.
THE APPLICATION OF DATA COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Daskalakis, C.; Hankins, H.C.A.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
The decreasing cost of semiconductor storage combined with inherently low cost of colour television monitors has led to the possibility of an economical interactive graphics terminal. However, although the cost of the frame buffer stores may still limit the range of application of such a combination, the efficient description of display pictures through the use of data compression techniques allows the capacity of the store, and hence the cost, to be significantly reduced. One major disadvantage of this arrangement is the time taken to compile and to change the picture which leads to a slow and unacceptable response time. The authors describe a terminal which makes use of data compression techniques but by the use of picture zoning techniques and algorithms with fast execution, the interaction response time is reduced to a more acceptable level.
ATTRIBUTE HANDLING IN GKS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Sutcliffe, D C; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
Following an intensive international review, GKS was adopted by ISO as a Draft Proposal in October 1981, GKS, Graphical Kernal System, is a 2-D device independent graphics system. One of the features, which distinguishes GKS from other systems, is its handling of primitive attributes. Introduced at a very early stage, the method has subsequently been refined without destroying the important concept. This method is described and compared with other current ways of handling attributes.
A BIFOCAL DISPLAY TECHNIQUE FOR DATA PRESENTATION
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Apperley, M. D.; Tzavaras, I.; Spence, R.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
A technique for presenting data on a graphics display, while avoiding the inherent windowing problem of conventional v.d.u's is proposed. This technique is centered on the concept of spatial information management. Design principles are presented, together with an example design modifying the display of a conventional microprocessor. The viability of the technique is demonstrated, and a more sophisticated implementation proposed.
CGM-CONCEPTS AND THEIR REALIZATION
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Buhtz, Rainer; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
A discussion of special design concepts for CGM, the Berlin implementation of GKS and their realizations on various computers.
CHITRA - A LOW COST 2-D GRAPHICS PACKAGE FOR THE DESIGN OF DISCRETE SYSTEMS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Kumar, Ashok; Visweswara, G. H.; Rajaram, S.; Prabhakar, A.; D. S. Greenaway and E. A. Warman
A general purpose 2-D graphics package termed CHITRA has been developed, to aid the design of discrete systems. CHITRA permits the rapid interactive description and design of multiterminal subsystems and links for their interconnection. Attributes can be defined for a subsystem as a whole or for each of its terminals. The package also provides a number of FORTRAN callable access routines to aid the development of application specific post-processors.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS FOR REGIONAL PLANNING: MONITORING WOODLAND RESOURCES BY A LAND INFORMATION SYSTEM
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Contin, Silvana; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
To satisfy the cartographic requirement for planning at a regional scale the Csi-Piemonte has developed a system for computer assisted production of thematic maps. The activity of the Csi-Piemonte is directed at the construction of an information system related to the area of the Regione Piemonte. The paper will describe the cartographic results deriving from the research undertaken on the monitoring the woodland resources which is part of the land information system. The I.P.L.A. (Regional Institute for Woody Plants and Environment) has conducted the research and the Csi-Piemonte consults for the computer related aspects and the computer-aided cartography. Thematic maps such as, theoretical soil use, woodland inventories, type of vegetation cover have been compiled from numeric survey data, cartographic data and from aerial photographs. The cartographic data have been reduced in numerical continuous form by manual digitalization then reduced to a rectangular grid for the ease of integrating and evaluating the inventories and thematic data with topographical data. Tipically these are contour lines from which are derived digital terrain models and slope models. This process results in information available to the regional planner in the evaluation actual and future wood resources and in forecasting how to intervention strategies.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS FOR THE REMOTE-SENSING OF THE OCEAN SURFACE BY A HIGH-RESOLUTION RADAR
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Suwais, M.A.; Cooper, D.C.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
A high-resolution microwave radar has the ability to resolve the ocean surface large-scale gravity waves or swell and to reveal their various properties (wavelength, velocity and period). Computer analysis and graphics presented in this paper for sea clutter (backscatter), obtained with an I-band high-resolution pulsed radar, illustrate the usefulness of such a radar as an effective tool for the remote sensing of the ocean surface. Such a radar may be mounted on shore, aircraft, ship and other platforms. Also discussed in this paper is how computer graphics can be utilized to support the acceptance of a useful model for the ocean surface.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS IN INTERACTIVE DISCRETE-EVENT SIMULATION
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Bennett, B. S.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
The use of computer graphics in the digital simulation of continuous and discrete-event systems has been repeatedly shown to confer many benefits. What is less common is the use of computer graphics to assist the user in setting up simulation models, although for analogue block-orientated systems, the idea is nothing new. This paper concerns a project in which input graphics are applied to a discrete-event simulation language to supplement the conversational-mode input that is already a feature of the package.
A COMPUTER GRAPHICS PACKAGE FOR TEACHING CRYSTAL MORPHOLOGY
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Angell, Ian O.; Moore, Moreton; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
COMPUTER REPRESENTATION OF DEAF SIGN LANGUAGE
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Harrison, R.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
A compact system for recording and transmitting messages in Sign will help to alleviate the disadvantages suffered by profoundly deaf children and support an improved cultural environment for deaf adults. This paper proposes that a microprocessor-based system can provide a solution to this need and describes a prototype implementation.
COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN SYSTEM FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPE PLANE FIGURES SHOE MAKING APPLICATION
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) DULLIN, Eric; OUARET, Seddik; MAY, Paul; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
"POK" is provided, through a purposely designed measuring appliance, for digitizing (in cylindrical coordinates) skew three-dimensional patterns in an automatic way as well as for carrying out an interactive 2D processing of their schematic representations (projections, developed views) (1). Besides, a two-directional relation between the three-dimensional shape and the given 2D representation is made possible by the system : drawing on 3D pattern from 2D digitizing on a board. 2D drawing from 3D digitizing on the very pattern.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH-LEVEL GRAPHICAL LANGUAGES IN DEALING WITH VARIOUS GRAPHICAL DOMAINS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Ross, R.; Schrack, G.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
There are many domains in which graphical programming languages can be applied. Use of a particular graphical programing language will be limited if the domains in which it can be applied are restricted. High-level graphical languages provide simply expressed constructs for the definition, manipulation, inquiry, and external representation of graphical data. These capabilities permit the application to various domains of high-level graphical languages. Five specific domains are discussed; an example of an application of the graphical language LIG is presented in each domain.
A FAST ALGORITHM FOR COLOUR REGION SEGMENTATION
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Stark, J.P.W.; Mahdavieh, Y.; Tjahjardi, T.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
An algorithm is described which analyses colour scenes in terms of regions. These regions are defined to have the same 'colour'. In this context the colour of a region is determined by its position in the CIE chromaticity diagram. The procedure outlined reduces the three-dimensional colour cube to a one-dimensional colour grey-scale. This approach significantly reduces the amount of data and also the amount of processing required in colour scene analysis.
GENERATING AND PRINTING OF HIGH QUALITY DOCUMENTS IN A DISTRIBUTED OFFICE AUTOMATION NETWORK ENVIRONMENT
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Hersch, R.D.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
This paper analyses the process of creating a printed document, which includes text processing, formatting and printing. Corresponding file formats, soft-copy generation algorithms as well as requirements of high quality graphics displays and printing systems are described. A special architecture for a printer interface system is presented which enables the high-speed generation of a document page on a printer frame-buffer, To limit mass-storage requirements, this architecture supports the generation of characters from an analytical description of their contour. Such a printer interface system has a moderate price, due to the decreasing cost of microprocessor and memory components.
GKS in C
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Rosenthal, David S. H.; Hagen, Paul fen; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
A binding of GKS, the draft ISO standard for 2D graphics software, to the programming language C is presented, together with the principles underlying its design. The binding is compared with the binding to FORTRAN. An implementation of GKS according to this binding is also described, particular attention being paid to the techniques for segment storage, input, and workstations. The implementation is assessed against implementations in FORTRAN.
GRAPH: An Interactive Program based on the Graphical Kernel System
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Slater, M.; Baker, R. J.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
GRAPHIC DISPLAYS IN THE COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN OF LIFT SYSTEMS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Barney, G.C.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman
The sizing of lift systems to meet passenger demands is normally carried out in a quantitative way by calculation. Nothing is done to determine the quality of service provided. This paper describes how a computer aided design suite using discrete simulation techniques coupled to extensive graphic displays overcomes these deficiencies.
THE IMPORTANCE OF A CORRECT APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF METAFILES STANDARDS
(The Eurographics Association, 1982) Arnold, David B.; D.S. Greenaway and E.A. Warman

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